CNTA held a workshop hosted by First Nations Legal and Research Services (FNLRS) in Melbourne on 15-16th May 2025.

The purpose of the workshop was principally to understand the different roles of lawyers and anthropologists when working for native title outcomes in complex operating environments. These involved speakers outlining and -in the case of genealogies demonstrating – key methodologies in legal and anthropological practice.

Video recordings of the 10 presentations are now available on the CNTA website. Tom Keely’s paper has been circulated via the CNTA Email List.

Read Full Content of the Workshop

Justice O’Bryan fireside chat with Sheree Sharma (PLO QSNTS)

Tom Keely SC (Barrister) Effective working relationships between lawyers and expert anthropologists

Dayne O’Meara(anthropologist) Kinship in Native Title Making the most of genealogical research

Jitendra Kumarage (anthropologist) Inheritance of, and succession to, country in native title

Richard Martin (anthropologist) Succession presents an obvious evidentiary challenge in proving native title

Mick O’Kane (FNLRS Research Manager)Language areas equal Claim Boundaries

Petronella Vaarzon-Morel (anthropologist) the Western Desert Cultural Bloc’ uses and contestations of the anthropological concept in native title claims

David Martin (anthropologist) What can anthropologists contribute to the design and ongoing governance of PBCs & other Native Title corporations

Kevin Murphy (anthropologist) the society question

Tony Eales (Director, Indigenous Country and Governance unit AIATSIS) Overview of AIATSIS training available for native title lawyers and web resources

Collaborating to Build Capability in the Native Title Sector:

A Case Study on Anthropologists

Attached is a case study of workforce issues for anthropologists prepared for the recently held Commonwealth Inter-agency Committee on Native Title in Adelaide.

The paper builds on a survey of our sector run by CNTA in 2023, followed by a small working party of research managers from different organisations held in July 2024. Their involvement made it possible to bring an experiential dimension to the issues, and to ground-proof key issues emerging from the survey data.

CNTA has taken the view that – for various reasons outlined – we need to use our own capacities and agency to review, reform, and sponsor recruitment and retention for the native title anthropological workforce. In terms of remedial actions inside native title organisations, there is a good deal of agency they have to make a positive difference in recruitment and staff retention.

Read Full Content of the Case Study

Recently, CNTA commissioned consultant anthropologist Sarah Bell, to write a foundational course on native title for use by NTRBs, NTSPs and Land Councils. The foundational course is specifically for inducting new staff. With the scarcity of available formal training courses in native title anthropology in Australian universities, and the increasing demand for anthropologists throughout the native title system, CNTA first took the initiative to support our sector through provision of podcasts and interviews on the CNTA website (see the Tab Fundamental) for key aspects of native title work.

This initiative has now developed further, by providing access to a systematic framework for understanding and learning about the demands of native title research work – from claim research through to compensation and post-determination.

In providing this material, CNTA hopes to encourage NTRB, NTSPs and Land Councils, to use the framework, tailoring it as needed, for introducing native title work and processes to new and early career staff anthropologists; those who may not have had any such introduction at university. The course, as developed by Bell covers aspect of both the Native Title Act (1993) and the Northern Territory Aboriginal Land Rights Act (1976).

Purpose

The purpose of this course is to provide Anthropologists commencing work in Native Title a basic introduction to Native Title and key references and resources.

Structure

The Course is presented in 9 Topic areas related to aspects of Native Title practice. A set of summary PowerPoint slides for each topic is provided along with key introductory reference materials are listed, many of which are publicly available via the internet, including materials on the CNTA Website. A listing of additional references for further self-study are also provided.

 

Topic 1: What is Native Title?

  • Background to the Native Title Act (NTA) – Mabo Decision
  • The NTA
  • Native Title recognition vrs Land Rights ‘grant’

Topic 2: The Native Title “System”

  • The main institutions and bodies involved in Native Title
  • The Native Title Claim Process
  • The role of NTRBs
  • The role of PBCs

Topic 3: The Role of Anthropology and Anthropologists in Native Title

  • In-House and Consultant Anthropologists
  • Connection Reports
  • Expert Reports
  • Role the Expert Witness
  • Compensation
  • Aboriginal Heritage
  • Roles for Anthropologists outside of Native Title Research and Post-Determination

Topic 4: Australianist Anthropology – Aboriginal Kinship and social organisation

  • Kinship and Social Organisation as Anthropological Concepts
  • Australian Aboriginal Kinship System Features
  • Australian Aboriginal Social Categories

Topic 5: Australianist Anthropology – Classical Aboriginal Local Organisation

  • Key Elements of Classical Aboriginal local organisation and land tenure
  • Clan, Estate, Band and Range

Topic 6: Key Issues in Native Title Anthropology

  • The Concept of Society
  • Succession, Change and Continuity

Topic 7: Native Title Anthropology – Fieldwork

  • Free Prior and Informed Consent
  • Genealogies – methods of collection.
  • Fieldnotes – purpose, uses and best practices.
  • Maps

Topic 8: Native Title Anthropology – WorkPlace Safety

  • Organisational responsibilities – Workplace Health and Safety
  • Issues of workplaces safety in Native Title

Topic 9: Native Title Anthropology – in the Office

  • Genealogy Databases and drawing programs
  • Practical Report production hints
 

In 2025 the Centre for Native Title Anthropology (CNTA) at ANU was able to fund 3 internships to spend 3 weeks hosted by a native title organisation. We ran a competitive application process, and we pleased to receive 15 high quality applications.

Details of the three successful applicants are outlined below.

We are grateful to the host organisations for offering places to these successful applicants. Host organisations are Queensland South Native Title Services (QSNTS) based in Brisbane, Yamatji Marlpa. Aboriginal Corporation (YMAC) with offices in Perth and the Pilbara, and the Northern Land Council (NLC) based in Darwin with regional offices throughout Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory.

Dr James Annard from First Nations Legal and Research Services (FNLRS) in Victoria will enjoy a placement with Kimberley Land Council in May 2025.

Funds for these internships were made possible by the Attorney General’s Department through the Native Title Anthropologist’s Grant Program.

 

Emma Dennis (t be hosted by NLC)

I have a deep interest in understanding people and the environment. It was a natural progression to pursue a degree in Anthropology, Sociology, and Geography with a focus on both the ‘static’ past and the ‘dynamic’ present of societies, and the intersection between people and the environment across diverse settings.

Working within a graduate program at the Cultural Burning Program at Karla Katitjin, DFES Bushfire Centre of Excellence, helped to fuel my already deep-seated interest the experience of First Nations people, particularly the recognition of land and water rights.
I spent time developing an understanding of the barriers First Nations peoples face, and how these impact on cultural identity, the sharing of cultural knowledge, and the benefits of joint management.

This contributed to the development of a research project exploring land management, community vulnerabilities, and the threats to ecosystems. Following this, I moved into working in the Cultural Heritage space, where I continue to focus on developing and supporting pathways that put First Nations ways of knowing and doing.

I am excited to secure the CNTA internship with the Northern Land Council and feel that the opportunity to work with their experienced team of anthropologists with will offer me a valuable learning opportunity. I am particularly interested in developing a greater understanding of joint land management in the context of the Northern Territory, where the NLC supports 14 Indigenous Ranger groups across seven parks and reserves, facilitating the continued stewardship of these areas.

I aim to deepen my understanding of the role Anthropologists can play in supporting Traditional Owner leadership on country, fostering local capacity building, and creating sustainable economic opportunities that empower Aboriginal landowners to care for their land, water, seas, and biodiversity in a land management context. I am particularly interested in how the philosophy supports positive engagement with, and outcomes for, women and youth.

 

Timaima Dawidi (to be hosted by QSNTS)

I graduated with First Class Honours in Anthropology from James Cook University. My honours thesis explored the impact of systematic collecting practices on cultural heritage preservation and community identity in Papua New Guinea. Her research studies have focused on museum curation, provenance studies, and ethical collecting practices, particularly the Telefomin collection housed at JCU.

 

My research interests intersect with Native Title through a commitment to ethical museum practices and Indigenous self-determination. I am particularly drawn to the role of material culture in land claims, cultural continuity, and policy development, advocating for community-led approaches to the management and interpretation of Indigenous cultural materials.

I hope to gain further experience in exhibition curation and cultural heritage research, particularly in working with curators, academics, and Indigenous communities to ensure ethical and meaningful representation of cultural artefacts.

I hope to contribute to Native Title by integrating anthropological research with museum practices, ensuring that Indigenous voices are central in discussions about cultural heritage and ownership.

 

Paul Dottin (to be hosted by YMAC)

I am a sociocultural anthropologist with interdisciplinary training in archaeology, sociology, ethnic studies, philosophy and psychology. As an academic, I have conducted fieldwork in the United States on social movements, and in China on Africans living in the PRC.
As a Cultural Heritage Managment consultant in Australia, I conduct ethnographic and social surroundings impact surveys on behalf of Aboriginal Traditional Owners. As a CNTA Intern, I have been granted an excellent opportunity to gain expertise in cultural mapping, expert witnessing, and Country/culture-loss impacts assessment.